発飛行は、地上で組み立てた飛行機が初めて空中を浮遊し、飛行することです。その意味では非常に重要なイベントです。VIPの来賓者を招待し、報道陣が多数詰めかけ、当事者たちが心配と感激をする日です。当然縁起の良い日、大安吉日と日本では決まっています。

進水式
空中を浮揚するのが飛行機なら、海上を浮揚するのが船です。船も最初に海水に浮かぶ日が重要です。これが進水式です。
私も造船所の進水式を昔拝見しました。古い話ですが思い出します。
今では建造法が異なっているかもしれませんが、船台にて組み立てた船体がレールの上を滑り降りる、速度を制限するためブレーキの鎖を引きずり、ガリガリと音を立てて降りて行きます。
この日、VIPの来賓らを船台に招待し祝います。船体にはまだエンジンが据え付けられていないので軽いわけですが、それでも鋼板20mmもある重い船体が水漏れもなく予定の喫水で浮かぶかが設計製作上の心配事で、予想通りならめでたし、技術者の喜びでもありました。

試運転の日
その後エンジンや船内各種装置を艤装した船が初めて洋上へ出る日、これが試運転の日になります。それなりに重要ですがあまり盛大には祝いを行わないのが通例です。
新入社員時代の私は、試運転に乗せてもらえると喜びながら早朝に寮を出て、10万トンの大型タンカーに乗り込み、長崎港を朝7時に出港、軍艦島を横に見ながら洋上へ行きました。この時は作業を命ぜられるでもなく、洋上では大きな船も揺れるもんなんだと感心しながら船内をぶらぶら、午前中には港へ戻る、これが試運転でした。最初は厳しい運転をするでもなく、ただ洋上へ行ってみる、エンジンが故障しないか、舵が効き、操船可能確認程度が試運転でした。
航空機の初フライトも飛べることの確認、まさに飛んで帰るだけです。単純にはその通りですが船も飛行機も各種計測を行うことは変わりがありません。
ただ飛行機は墜落の可能性があり、命がけ、無事に帰るか、固唾をのんで帰りを待ち、無事着陸すれば搭乗員は盛大に迎えられます。そのためドラマ、伝説が生まれます^^
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